Anthropic says Mythos 5 autonomously designed quantum circuits, surpassing human optimal solutions in 53 hours

Anthropic announced a study in which Mythos 5, given only natural language task descriptions, fully autonomously closed-loop designed 8 basic quantum circuits within 53 hours, all surpassing the best publicly published human designs. In the divsteps task in number theory and cryptography, it autonomously derived a new algebraic identity and completed formalization in Lean, reducing the number of quantum gates by 17 times while increasing qubits by only 12%; in the DQI decoding task, it switched to the Berlekamp-Massey decoding method and precisely calculated storage requirements, reducing gate count by 12 times compared with the original architecture. The research comes from Anthropic's STEM Fellows project, and the text also mentions that FeMoco simulation gate count dropped from the 50 trillion estimated by humans in 2017 to 340 million over 8 years.