The General Office of the State Council issues the "Opinions on Adapting to the Development of Artificial Intelligence Technology and Helping to Build an Employment-Friendly Development Model"
The General Office of the State Council recently issued the "Opinions on Adapting to the Development of Artificial Intelligence Technology and Helping to Build an Employment-Friendly Development Model," proposing to enhance the positive effects of AI in creating job opportunities and empowering traditional positions, and to mitigate its job-substitution impact. The Opinions require prioritizing the promotion of AI applications in positions facing labor shortages and high environmental risks, steadily and prudently grasping the scope, intensity, and pace of its application in labor-intensive industries, and establishing an unemployment buffer period system and an employment risk assessment mechanism. The Opinions also propose four new measures, including expanding employment space in emerging fields and fostering the momentum of small and medium-sized enterprises to stabilize and expand jobs, and call for accelerating the development of new occupations in the AI field and carrying out vocational skill level certification.
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The article reviews institutional arrangements in the General Office of the State Council's "Opinions," such as the unemployment buffer period and employment risk assessment, so that readers can understand how policy regulates the pace at which AI replaces jobs.
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Recently, the General Office of the State Council issued the "Opinions on Adapting to the Development of Artificial Intelligence Technology and Helping to Build an Employment-Friendly Development Model" (hereinafter referred to as the "Opinions"), proposing to take building an employment-friendly development model as the direction, actively enhance the positive effects of artificial intelligence in creating employment opportunities, empowering traditional jobs, improving employment quality, and stimulating entrepreneurial vitality, effectively mitigate the substitution impact of artificial intelligence applications on employment, and strive to achieve inclusive development in which technological progress and industrial upgrading are coordinated with employment promotion and improvement of people's livelihoods.
The development and application of artificial intelligence are a powerful engine of the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, and an important way out of the constraints of resource endowments and allocation efficiency. However, artificial intelligence also has a dual nature: it significantly raises labor productivity, but may also deal a shock to employment.
In China, this shock has not yet fully manifested, and some studies also believe that, based on comprehensive factors such as economic structure, the degree to which China's employment is affected by the artificial intelligence shock may be smaller than that of developed countries. But in the face of potential shocks, it is necessary to plan ahead and make systematic arrangements in advance. It is precisely against this background that the "Opinions" were issued in a timely manner, and they take building an employment-friendly development model as the policy orientation, reflecting the government's basic stance and policy objectives.
The principle of "employment-friendly" focuses on mitigating the substitution impact of artificial intelligence applications on employment. The "Opinions" propose giving priority to promoting artificial intelligence applications in positions with labor shortages and high-risk environments, while steadily and prudently grasping the scope, intensity, and pace of artificial intelligence applications in labor-intensive industries, so as to minimize the shock to workers. This is in fact structurally controlling the speed of technological diffusion: actively slowing down the speed, pace, and intensity in areas where the substitution effect is most concentrated, and accelerating applications in areas where the substitution benefits are highest, rather than pursuing a uniform "intelligence rate." It can be seen that the key to mitigating the substitution impact does not lie in simply "reducing artificial intelligence applications," but in moving the focus of governance forward from "job protection" to control of the pace of application.
The "Opinions" also advance "employment-friendly" from a declaration of principles to operable institutional arrangements. Among them, the most substantive are the establishment of an unemployment buffer period system and an employment risk assessment mechanism. The unemployment buffer period requires advance notification of affected workers, provision of support for transition and job transfer, and the creation of a socialized transitional channel for enterprises adjusting their employment, rather than letting substitution happen suddenly. Employment risk assessment attempts to conduct pre-screening at the market access stage for artificial intelligence application scenarios that may cause relatively large shocks, and guide innovation resources toward directions with greater potential for creating employment.
Beyond these defensive measures, the focus should be on artificial intelligence creating more incremental employment and giving play to its positive effects. The "Opinions" place strengthening the employment creation effect of artificial intelligence in the first position, proposing "four new" measures such as expanding new space for artificial intelligence employment in emerging fields, cultivating new momentum for small and medium-sized enterprises to stabilize and expand jobs, creating new models of employment and entrepreneurship in the artificial intelligence field, and developing new occupations in the artificial intelligence field, so as to create more new employment opportunities, while also requiring the tapping of the employment potential of artificial intelligence in traditional fields.
The effectiveness of the "employment-friendly development model" may to a large extent depend on whether the "middle ground" can be broadened, roughly corresponding to the intersection of technical blue-collar and knowledge-based skilled positions. These positions require a mix of cognitive ability and hands-on ability, and artificial intelligence is a tool rather than a substitute.
In this regard, the "Opinions" put forward targeted proposals: accelerate the development of new occupations in the artificial intelligence field, add relevant professional title evaluation specialties, and promptly carry out artificial intelligence-related vocational skill level certification. At the same time, improve workers' digital literacy and employability, cultivate artificial intelligence innovative talents through school-enterprise collaboration, implement special artificial intelligence training programs at the social level, and cultivate more interdisciplinary artificial intelligence talents.
In summary, the essence of mitigating the employment substitution impact of artificial intelligence is not to slow technology down, but to give workers a transitional path in the process of technological diffusion. The "Opinions" embed buffer mechanisms in the system, implement pre-assessment, precisely focus on increments, and attempt to absorb pressure through spatial depth so as to achieve a stable transition. This process requires not only the art of management but also more investment of public resources to help society transition smoothly.
(Source: 21st Century Business Herald) Middle of the main body Embedded advertisement