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星期一

  1. Recode China AI

    华为昇腾芯片如何走出低谷

    华为 Fellow、半导体首席科学家廖恒在五小时访谈中回顾昇腾芯片走出低谷的历程,以及美国制裁如何推动华为研究产业链各层并转向垂直整合。文中称昇腾系列在 2025 年出货 600,000 至 700,000 颗,计划在 2026 年翻倍,950 和 960 superpod 分别计划于 2026 年和 2027 年上线;团队还通过与 DeepSeek 等 LLM 客户合作加快芯片设计优化。

    Tony Peng's avatar

    triking feature: when an important, groundbreaking invention or new business gets backing from capital markets, it can rapidly establish a near-monopoly advantage. Take Google, or Meta—Facebook in social, Google in search—including Windows before that, in the desktop operating system space, and Apple’s iPhone. They each rapidly—in maybe three or four years—established a monopoly-like advantage in their respective fields. That advantage isn’t just technological—more importantly, it’s capital, inf

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星期日

  1. Recode China AI

    中国 AI 周报:Qwen3.8-Max、Unitree 的 $9B IPO 估值与 DeepSeek 涨价

    Recode China AI 汇总了本周追踪的 247 条中国 AI 新闻,重点涵盖 Qwen3.8-Max、Unitree 约 $9 billion 估值的 IPO,以及 DeepSeek API 涨价。周报还梳理了多款模型更新、美国对中国 AI 组件的潜在进口限制、融资动态、产品调整与模型安全事件。

    Tony Peng's avatar

    velopers across Africa are increasingly building on cheap, customizable Chinese models — including an Alibaba model reportedly handling Ugandan languages better than anything from Meta or Google — as Chinese firms expand cloud, telecom, and government AI partnerships across the continent. (NYT); A wide-ranging Economist briefing warns that the AI push Beijing is racing to promote is also the one most likely to displace its own workers — it opens in Zhengzhou, hub of China’s ¥100 billion ($15 bil

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星期一

  1. Recode China AI

    禁止中国开放权重模型对美国弊大于利

    作者主张,禁止中国开放权重模型会切断美国 AI 生态的低成本创新来源,却难以阻止已公开权重的全球传播。文章认为,廉价模型有助于降低应用层推理成本、支持企业自主托管数据并促进价格竞争,而既往技术限制也未必实现预期目标。

    Tony Peng's avatar

    hich insist on a closed-source approach and reportedly lobby for policies that could constrain open models. The other is a coalition of tech companies led by Nvidia, Microsoft and Meta, which are strongly in favor of open-weight models. They signed a letter last week warning against “premature restrictions” on open-weight models and launched an open AI security alliance, an organization building tools to defend against cyber attacks from frontier models. Both sides have justifiable arguments. An

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星期日

  1. Recode China AI

    中国 AI 周报:CXMT 上海 IPO 大涨472%,Kimi K3 开放权重,DeepSeek 投资者纪要走红

    Recode China AI 汇总2026-07-25至2026-08-01的269篇报道,重点涵盖CXMT上海 IPO 一度上涨472%、Kimi K3全面开放权重,以及DeepSeek暂停融资并发布V4。同期MiniMax H3、Seedance 2.5等模型集中亮相,中美围绕中国开放权重模型与芯片获取的政策争论继续升温。

    Tony Peng's avatar

    oonshot’s Kimi K2.6 model, an early sign that enterprise adoption of Chinese open-weight models is drawing direct Congressional scrutiny, not just chip-export debate. (SCMP/CNBC); Meta’s Mark Zuckerberg said the US should not ban Chinese AI models, joining Nvidia and other Silicon Valley voices pushing back on proposed restrictions—while Anthropic CEO Dario Amodei’s chip-ban proposal drew fresh scrutiny over whether it could actually curb China’s AI progress. (FT/Reuters/SCMP); Beijing said it w

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星期一

  1. Interconnects

    Kimi K3 与开源权重的升级:Nathan Lambert 谈中美模型差距与开源策略

    Moonshot AI 于 7 月 16 日发布旗舰模型 Kimi K3,这是一个 2.8T 参数的 MoE 模型,权重将于 7 月 27 日开放。作者 Nathan Lambert 认为 K3 是迄今最强的开源模型,在 Vals AI 指数上排名第 2、Artificial Analysis 智能指数第 3、Frontend Code Arena 第 1,开源与闭源、美国与中国模型之间的性能差距已从争议中的 6-9 个月缩短到约 3-5 个月。文章还讨论了开源权重模型对前沿实验室资本开支的减速作用、中国实验室的资本效率,以及美国可能限制中国开源模型的监管动向。

    performance is roughly as follows : Anthropic – Claude Fable 5 OpenAI – GPT 5.6 Sol Moonshot AI – Kimi K3 (open weights ) SpaceXAI – Grok 4.5 Zhipu (Z.ai) – GLM 5.2 (open weights) Meta – Muse Spark 1.1 DeepMind – Gemini Flash 3.5 Alibaba – Qwen 3.7 Max (3.8 announced, also to be open-weights, when writing) It is astonishing to see DeepMind, and some of the other American giants this low. In many ways, the X AI team deserves more credit. A visual summary from Artificial Analysis is below: This re

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星期一

  1. Interconnects

    开放模型只剩 6 个月?Nathan Lambert 谈监管收紧与蒸馏之争

    Nathan Lambert 认为,针对开放权重模型最严峻的一次可行性考验正在发生,白宫正讨论通过新的行政令管理开放模型,可能只影响中国来源模型和政府用途。他判断最可能的动作是在未来 6 个月内禁止或无限期推迟能力明显超过 GPT 5.5、Claude Opus 4.8 或 GLM-5.2 区间的开放权重模型,而这类模型目前最可能来自中国公司。他批评 Anthropic 主导的蒸馏议题已演变为监管俘获,并认为若美国单独禁止相关模型进口,全球开源生态仍会继续,反而让美国自身更难预测。

    承受着一整套压力——其中之一就是维持其飙升的股价。只会有越来越多的模型跨越令人担忧的能力水平。训练AI模型并非魔法,而且尽管所需投资增加,我们尚未看到构建模型的门槛下降(目前还没有)。 对于开源而言,这一政策死亡螺旋——一个由相关且互补的可怕问题构成的双螺旋——的短期出口之一,是让一家美国公司发布能力相当的开放模型。这将把焦点从“只有中国在通过蒸馏构建开放模型”转移到“我们同舟共济,应当聚焦于我们生态内部复杂且不断变化的前沿问题”。这对开源而言是关乎存亡的优先事项,而那些有商业理由发布开放权重模型的公司,如微软和Meta(通过商品化其互补品),应当尽快行动。我对Meta在新领导层下的表现信心较低,但他们受益于AI的大规模普及,不应自己给自己设障。如果Reflection手上有一个尚可但并非前沿的模型,他们或许需要发布它,以挽救其拟定的业务方向。 比训练新模型更短期的解决方案是建立联盟。开源是一项分散的技术,没有明确的所有者,但其益处将由众多参与者共享。这些前沿实验室之外的“其他所有人”需要从今天就开始行动,研究如何继续安全地推出开放权重模型(并为自身的原则和价值观游说),以影响当权者。

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星期四

  1. Benedict Evans:Blog

    Benedict Evans 谈 token 定价的思考方式

    Benedict Evans 分析 token 定价的供需与成本结构,认为当前供给紧张是暂时的,所有变量都在变化,市场将在未来几年重新平衡。他指出推理毛利率约 40-50%,但训练成本远高于收入,且需求主要来自软件开发这一单一用例。他通过移动数据和半导体制造的类比,提出基础模型可能走向低利润的商品化基础设施,除非出现网络效应、监管干预或其他未预见的变化。

    ute needs by 90%, or double demand, or both. All of this has people hunting for patterns to recognise (indeed, it’s been observed that all conversations about AI end in a hunt for metaphors). It has become common to draw comparisons with fiber, which had a massive overbuild in the Dotcom bubble that looks a bit like the infrastructure build-out today. The narrow problem with that is that fiber construction was far ahead of demand, where AI compute construction is far behind demand, though, as ab

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星期四

  1. Air Street Press精选

    超越爬山法:Roberta Raileanu 解析通往超人科学发现的路径

    Google DeepMind 研究员 Roberta Raileanu 认为,AI 研究智能体擅长优化已知方案,却难以探索陌生路径并完成概念跃迁,核心障碍是无法衡量一项发现是否足够好。她提出结合强化学习、强调新颖性与多样性的发散搜索,以及优化发现过程的元学习;其团队还构建了 MLGym、Rainbow Teaming 和包含超过 400 million 个程序化研究任务的 DiscoBench。

    s year’s RAAIS, Roberta Raileanu set out why that ceiling exists and what it would take to lift it. Raileanu leads the open-endedness team at Google DeepMind and was previously at Meta. Her talk laid out a recipe for superhuman scientific discovery: a general system that makes groundbreaking discoveries across domains faster than people can. Three ingredients hold it together, but underneath all three sits one problem. We are good at searching for anything we can measure. We do not yet know how

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星期三

  1. Air Street Press精选

    State of AI Compute Index v6:NVIDIA 仍主导 AI 研究算力

    State of AI Compute Index v6 显示,2026 年预计统计到 49,339 次芯片引用,其中 NVIDIA 占 44,715 次、约 91%。已追踪的 Hopper 部署量达 460,904 块 GPU,而 Grace-Blackwell 项目仍以安装和宣布阶段为主。已披露合约中,OpenAI 的 26 GW 算力包含 16 GW 非 NVIDIA 方案,反映前沿实验室正在组合多家芯片供应商。

    argest tracked Hopper deployment at 200,000 GPUs, and by itself is almost five times the entire tracked A100 set. Tesla Cortex follows at roughly 66,000 H100-equivalent GPUs, then Meta’s GenAI clusters at 49,152, a CoreWeave H200 cluster at 42,000, Voltage Park at 24,000, and Germany’s JUPITER Booster at 23,536 GH200. There is a geopolitical point hiding in the table. National HPC systems are exact and visible, which makes them easy to count. Private fleets are estimated, harder to observe, and

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星期二

  1. Dwarkesh Patel Podcast & Blog

    Grant Sanderson 谈 AI 与数学的未来

    Dwarkesh Patel 与 3Blue1Brown 作者 Grant Sanderson 对谈 AI 与数学的未来,讨论 AI 在数学上的进展为何快于其他领域,以及这种进展对其他行业意味着什么。Sanderson 认为 IMO 金牌只是又一个基准,数学内部同样存在参差,几何题可被暴力求解而组合题仍难;他还以 Galois 群论为例说明概念突破的验证回路可能长达百年,并谈到 AI 能否在领域之间建立连接、以及数学家的角色可能转向类似策展人的方向。

    trained it, and it was quite interesting. The problem with natural language proofs is you don’t know if it’s correct or not. They have a verifier, and the verifier is trained by a meta-verifier that makes sure that for all the problems they’re training this model to solve in the art of problem-solving, the verifier is giving good feedback. It works. It’s interesting that natural language verification with some sort of meta-verification seems to work so far in the published literature. It also se

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星期四

  1. Epoch AI:Gradient Updates

    Epoch AI 分析:Mythos 的网络能力被夸大了吗

    Epoch AI 汇总约十五个网络安全基准与 Project Glasswing 的真实漏洞数据,评估 Anthropic 的 Claude Mythos 系列网络能力是否被夸大。其自建的 Cyber-ECI 显示 Mythos Preview 在漏洞利用开发上明显领先 GPT-5.5,约超前趋势 7 个月,Mythos 5 仅小幅提升。但在固定预算下的漏洞发现能力尚不明确,Project Glasswing 伴随最高 1 亿美元 API 额度投入,curl 等高度审计代码库中 Mythos Preview 仅发现一个低危漏洞和四个误报,其优势更多体现在更低的误报率和更好的漏洞优先级判断。

    Mythos 5 launch post: Mythos 5: 36.7%; Mythos Preview: 29.2%; Opus 4.8: 16.6% From OpenAI’s system cards: GPT 5.5: 26%; GPT 5.4: 9% from the 5.5 system card; GPT 5.2/5.3: 0% From Meta’s safety report for Muse Spark: Gemini 3 Pro: 0% (this is the “v2” third-party cyber benchmark) ExploitBench Description: ExploitBench is a benchmark containing 41 real-world vulnerabilities in the V8 JavaScript engine, which are known or strongly suspected to enable arbitrary code execution (ACE) within the brows

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星期三

  1. Augment Code 博客

    Augment Code 调查 219 位工程负责人:AI 原生转型中的焦虑与组织断层

    Augment Code 对 219 位工程负责人的调查显示,48% 的代码已由 AI 生成,55% 担心团队失去对代码库的共同理解,63% 表示工程师向管理者提出技能相关性的担忧,在 201-1000 人的大团队中该比例升至 89%。报告指出个人已采用 AI 智能体但组织未同步变革,招聘首要优先级已变为评估 AI 生成代码,而仅 19 家组织正式更新了角色定义。

    Excited, anxious, invigorated: what 219 engineering leaders told us about going AI-native

    product, research, and engineering teams building AI agents that truly understand large, complex codebases. Before joining Augment, Vinay led product and platform organizations at Meta and Pure Storage. He’s drawn to problems that live at the intersection of technology and people, like how teams evolve, how AI reshapes the craft of software engineering, and what it takes to build things that evoke delight. Emma Webb Head of Communications Emma leads communications at Augment Code, with previous

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星期一

  1. Import AI

    Import AI 455:AI 系统即将开始自我构建

    Import AI 作者 Jack Clark 认为,AI 系统很可能在 2028 年底前实现无人类参与的 AI 研发,即前沿模型能自主训练出自己的后继版本,他给出的概率是 60% 以上,2027 年前实现的概率约为 30%。他依据公开数据梳理证据链:SWE-Bench 从 Claude 2 的约 2% 升至 Claude Mythos Preview 的 93.9%,METR 时间跨度从 2022 年 GPT 3.5 的约 30 秒升至 2026 年 Opus 4.6 的约 12 小时,CORE-Bench、MLE-Bench、PostTrainBench 以及 Anthropic 的模型训练优化任务也显示 AI 在核心研发环节快速进步。他认为 AI 目前尚不能提出颠覆性新想法,但 AI 研发大量属于可自动化的工程性工作,且 OpenAI、Anthropic、DeepMind 及多家初创公司都在明确追求自动化 AI 研发。

    progress. Some of the types of work include: Using DeepSeek’s models to try to build better GPU kernels ( 400 ), automating the conversion of PyTorch modules to CUDA code ( 401 ), Meta using LLMs to automate the generation of optimized Triton kernels for use within its infrastructure ( 439 ), using LLMs to help write kernels for non-standard hardware like Huawei’s Ascend chips (”AscendCraft” 444 ), fine-tuning open weight models for GPU kernel design (”Cuda Agent”, 448 ). One caveat here is that

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星期日

  1. Browser Use精选

    Browser Use 联合创始人:智能体 harness 的苦涩教训,别封装 LLM 的工具

    Browser Use 联合创始人兼 CTO 发文称,团队此前只做到不封装 LLM,却仍在封装它的工具,每个 click()、type()、scroll() 辅助函数都是模型必须绕开的约束。新方案直接给模型原始 CDP 访问权限,harness 仅约 600 行,由 run.py(13 行)、helpers.py(192 行)、daemon.py(220 行)和 SKILL.md 组成,工具缺失时智能体自行 grep helpers.py 补写函数并重跑。文中举例称智能体曾自行写出 upload_file()、改用分块上传绕过 CDP websocket 约 10MB 的载荷上限,仓库地址为 github.com/browser-use/browser-harness。

    The Bitter Lesson of Agent Harnesses

    erySelectorAll like the model has seen ten thousand times; Anti-bot injection. It's Chrome talking to itself What we got wrong A few months ago on this blog we wrote Closer to the Metal: Leaving Playwright for CDP. The conclusion of that post: "Our agents shouldn't have to know the nuances of CDP Targets in order to Get Stuff Done." Turns out we were wrong. That post listed ten ways a Chrome tab can crash. We built watchdog services to catch each one - tab crashes, target detach, renderer OOM, z

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星期五

  1. Benedict Evans:Blog

    Benedict Evans 分析 OpenAI 的竞争战略困境

    Benedict Evans 认为 OpenAI 面临四个战略问题:模型无独特优势、用户基数大但粘性低、缺乏现有产品分销、产品策略受制于研究进展。他指出 OpenAI 试图通过巨额资本支出和全栈平台叙事构建护城河,但平台类比并不成立,因为模型 API 可替换且用户不关心底层模型。

    models, all with pretty-much equivalent capabilities. Every few weeks they leapfrog each other. There is variation within those capabilities, it’s possible to drop off the curve (Meta, for now) or fail to get onto it (Apple, Amazon, Microsoft, for now), or remain six months behind the frontier (China), or rely heavily on other people’s work (China, again) and all of this needs a lot of money (of which more below), but today there is no mechanic we know of for one company to get a lead that othe

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星期一

  1. Charlie O’Neill 研究写作

    持续学习与后单体 AI 时代:通用性越强,记忆成本越高

    Charlie O’Neill 认为,持续学习的成本会随模型通用性上升,实际部署将走向大量可持续更新的专业模型,而非单一全能模型。文章将现有方案归为稀疏更新与时间尺度分离两类,指出二者都通过限制干扰缓解灾难性遗忘。作者还比较了 SFT 与 RL,认为 RL 的在策略学习和逆 KL 目标更有利于保留既有能力。

    of time scales, what the frequency of those time scales should be, etc.). To us, it seems much cleaner to have the minimal set of discrete components of the system to emulate our meta-learning algorithm (a long-term memory like parameter weights, a short-term memory like the KV cache, and a way to inject the relevant bits of short-term memory into long-term memory when we need to). But we could be wrong. Maybe this is a solution. Speaking of “when we need to”, a lot of people think surprise-bas

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星期二

  1. Ahead of AI

    2025 年大语言模型回顾:进展、局限与未来预测

    Sebastian Raschka 回顾 2025 年大语言模型发展,认为主要进展来自 RLVR、GRPO、推理时扩展、工具调用及架构效率优化,而非单纯扩大预训练规模。他指出公开基准已难以可靠反映真实能力,并预测 2026 年 RLVR 将扩展到数学和编码以外的领域,本地工具调用与智能体能力会逐步普及。文章同时主张将 AI 作为提升专业工作的伙伴,而非完全替代人的思考、编码与研究。

    h the state-of-the-art further, but the proportion of progress will come more from the inference than purely the training side this year To wrap things up, I think if there is one meta-lesson from 2025, it is that progress in LLMs is less about a single breakthrough, and improvements are being made on multiple fronts via multiple independent levers. This includes architecture tweaks, data quality improvements, reasoning training, inference scaling, tool calling, and more. At the same time, evalu

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星期日

  1. Benedict Evans:Blog

    AI 如何改变互联网的 Mechanical Turk 与冷启动问题

    Benedict Evans 分析称,互联网平台依赖用户行为数据形成 Mechanical Turk 式推荐,但 LLM 带来了对内容和意图的更深理解,可能让新进入者通过 API 调用通用模型来绕过冷启动。他还指出,智能体助手将成为新的数据入口,但当前 AI 状态类似 1997 年的互联网,具体路径尚不明确。

    hy you watched those, or bought those, or looked at those, and they don't really know what those things are. Amazon has close to a billion SKUs, but all it knows about them is the metadata typed in by humans and some level of purchase correlation. Instagram or TikTok have the same problem. These systems have correlation across SKUs, and down the funnel, but they don’t know why, just as a dog knows that the sound of door keys has high correlation with a walk, but doesn’t know what keys are. But a

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星期三

  1. One Useful Thing

    Ethan Mollick:给 AI 做一场面试,而不是只看基准分数

    Ethan Mollick 认为,公开基准存在题目泄漏、含义不明和未校准等问题,无法衡量写作、共情或商业判断等能力,因此个人可以用"氛围测试"感受模型差异,企业则应像招聘一样对 AI 做严格面试。他以 GuacaDrone 无人机送鳄梨酱的点子让多个模型各打分十次,发现模型内部评分相当一致,但模型之间差异明显,Grok 和 Microsoft Copilot 更看好,GPT-5 和 Claude 4.5 更怀疑,这种 3 到 4 分的系统性偏差在规模化使用时会持续影响决策方向。他建议企业用真实业务场景反复测试、由专家评估并横向比较模型,而且每年需多次重做。

    models, doesn’t even accurately keep track of the number of words used. You will note that GPT-5 Thinking tends to be a fairly wild stylist when writing fiction, prone to complex metaphor, but sometimes at the expense of coherence and story (I am not sure someone would use all 47 words, but at least the count was right). And you will recognize that the new Chinese open weights model Kimi K2 Thinking has a bit of a similar problem, with some interesting phrases and a story that doesn’t quite mak

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星期三

  1. SemiAnalysis精选

    xAI 的 Colossus 2:全球首座吉瓦级数据中心、独特强化学习方法与融资

    xAI 正在孟菲斯与密西西比州南海文建设 Colossus 2,SemiAnalysis 预计其将成为全球首座吉瓦级数据中心,并称项目在约六个月内形成约 200MW 冷却能力。Solaris 计划到 Q2 2027 为 xAI 部署超过 1.1GW 的燃气轮机,但项目需要数百亿美元资本支出,而 xAI 仍需筹资购买 GPU。

    nt cluster (setting apart Google, master of multi-datacenter-training). However, Colossus 1’s 300 MW looks modest next to the Gigawatt-scale clusters under construction by OpenAI, Meta and Anthropic. Their hyperscaler partners are happy to leverage their balance sheet and win the market by throwing dollars at it. Was xAI’s prowess a one-time wonder? Today we will publicize some data from our industry leading datacenter model over the last year that is accessible to clients. This is the our same

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