深入 vLLM:高吞吐 LLM 推理系统架构解析
文章系统解析 vLLM V1 如何从单 GPU 离线推理扩展到多 GPU、多节点异步服务。内容涵盖调度器、PagedAttention、连续批处理、前缀缓存、引导解码、推测解码、P/D 分离及分布式请求链路,并说明如何用 vllm bench 衡量延迟与吞吐量。分析基于 2025 年 8 月 9 日的 commit 42172ad。

ine and distributed serving stack—closing with how to measure system performance. vLLM also includes specialized handling that I've skipped. E.g.: Diverse hardware backends: TPUs, AWS Neuron (Trainium/Inferentia), etc; Architectures/techniques: MLA, MoE, encoder-decoder (e.g., Whisper), pooling/embedding models, EPLB, m-RoPE, LoRA, ALiBi, attention-free variants, sliding-window attention, multimodal LMs, and state-space models (e.g., Mamba/Mamba-2, Jamba); TP/PP/SP; Hybrid KV-cache logic (Jenga)
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